Siemens: Difference between revisions

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Line 88: Line 88:
proj_no=1;
proj_no=1;
holder=Cartridge, Top Entery;
holder=Cartridge, Top Entery;
chamber=10⁻⁴ Torr;
chamber=1·10⁻⁴ Torr;
|}}
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Line 113: Line 113:
power=3.3 KVA;
power=3.3 KVA;
weight=1200 Kg;
weight=1200 Kg;
accel_stab=2*10⁻⁵/min;
accel_stab=2·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ;
cath_heat=AC;
cath_heat=AC;
successor=Elmiskop IA;
successor=Elmiskop IA;
Line 121: Line 121:
conl_type=Electromagnetic;
conl_type=Electromagnetic;
conl_no=2;
conl_no=2;
conl_stab=10⁻³/min;
conl_stab=1·10⁻³⁄ₘᵢₙ;
conl_stig=Moveing Iron;
conl_stig=Moveing Iron;
conl_spot=2µm;
conl_spot=2µm;
Line 127: Line 127:
objl_foc=2.8mm;
objl_foc=2.8mm;
objl_range=2.8mm to 7.4mm;
objl_range=2.8mm to 7.4mm;
objl_stab=10⁻⁵/min;
objl_stab=1·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ;
objl_res=5Å;
objl_res=5Å;
objl_type=Electromagnetic;
objl_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_no=2;
proj_no=2;
proj_stab=10⁻⁴/min;
proj_stab=1·10⁻⁴⁄ₘᵢₙ;
proj_conf=4 Polpiece Revolver;
proj_conf=4 Polpiece Revolver;
proj_mag=12.5:1, 31.2:1, 62.5:1, 125:1, 250:1;
proj_mag=12.5:1, 31.2:1, 62.5:1, 125:1, 250:1;
holder=Cartridge, Top Entery;
holder=Cartridge, Top Entery;
chamber=10⁻⁴ Torr;
chamber=1·10⁻⁴ Torr;
objl_spher=3.3 mm;
objl_spher=3.3 mm;
|
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Line 188: Line 188:
proj_no=1;
proj_no=1;
holder=Cartridge, Top Entery;
holder=Cartridge, Top Entery;
objl_stab=3*10⁻⁵/min;
objl_stab=3·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ;
objl_res=25Å;
objl_res=25Å;
proj_conf=4 Polpiece Revolver;
proj_conf=4 Polpiece Revolver;
Line 204: Line 204:
accel=Self Biased Steigerwald Triode;
accel=Self Biased Steigerwald Triode;
accel_volt=50 KV;
accel_volt=50 KV;
accel_stab=5*10⁻⁵/min;
accel_stab=5·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ;
cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin;
cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin;
objl_type=Electromagnetic;
objl_type=Electromagnetic;
Line 214: Line 214:
objl_foc=1.8mm;
objl_foc=1.8mm;
objl_range=2.8mm to 7.4mm;
objl_range=2.8mm to 7.4mm;
objl_stab=3*10⁻⁵/min;
objl_stab=3·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ;
objl_res=15Å;
objl_res=15Å;
proj_conf=4 Polpiece Revolver;
proj_conf=4 Polpiece Revolver;
Line 220: Line 220:
conl_stig=Moveing Iron;
conl_stig=Moveing Iron;
mag_range=295x, 1925x, 8Kx, 17Kx, 35Kx;
mag_range=295x, 1925x, 8Kx, 17Kx, 35Kx;
chamber=10⁻⁴Torr;
chamber=1·10⁻⁴Torr;
|}}
|}}


Line 228: Line 228:
accel=Self Biased Steigerwald Triode;
accel=Self Biased Steigerwald Triode;
accel_volt=50 KV;
accel_volt=50 KV;
accel_stab=5*10⁻⁵/min;
accel_stab=5·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ;
cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin;
cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin;
objl_type=Permanent Magnet;
objl_type=Permanent Magnet;
Line 245: Line 245:
power=3.3 KVA;
power=3.3 KVA;
weight=1200 Kg;
weight=1200 Kg;
accel_stab=2*10⁻⁵/min;
accel_stab=2·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ;
cath_heat=AC;
cath_heat=AC;
successor=Elmiskop 101;
successor=Elmiskop 101;
Line 253: Line 253:
conl_type=Electromagnetic;
conl_type=Electromagnetic;
conl_no=2;
conl_no=2;
conl_stab=10⁻³/min;
conl_stab=1·10⁻³⁄ₘᵢₙ;
conl_stig=Moveing Iron;
conl_stig=Moveing Iron;
conl_spot=2µm;
conl_spot=2µm;
Line 259: Line 259:
objl_foc=2.8mm;
objl_foc=2.8mm;
objl_range=2.8mm to 7.4mm;
objl_range=2.8mm to 7.4mm;
objl_stab=10⁻⁵/min;
objl_stab=1·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ;
objl_res=5Å;
objl_res=5Å;
objl_type=Electromagnetic;
objl_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_no=2;
proj_no=2;
proj_stab=10⁻⁴/min;
proj_stab=1·10⁻⁴⁄ₘᵢₙ;
proj_conf=4 Polpiece Revolver;
proj_conf=4 Polpiece Revolver;
proj_mag=12.5:1, 31.2:1, 62.5:1, 125:1, 250:1;
proj_mag=12.5:1, 31.2:1, 62.5:1, 125:1, 250:1;
holder=Cartridge, Top Entery;
holder=Cartridge, Top Entery;
chamber=10⁻⁴Torr;
chamber=1·10⁻⁴Torr;
objl_spher=3.3 mm;
objl_spher=3.3 mm;
|
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Line 300: Line 300:
power=4 KVA;
power=4 KVA;
weight= Kg;
weight= Kg;
accel_stab=2*10⁻⁶/min;
accel_stab=2·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ;
cath_heat=DC;
cath_heat=DC;
successor=Elmiskop 103;
successor=Elmiskop 103;
Line 308: Line 308:
conl_type=Electromagnetic;
conl_type=Electromagnetic;
conl_no=2;
conl_no=2;
conl_stab=5*10⁻⁶/min;
conl_stab=5·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ;
conl_stig=Electromagnetic Octopol;
conl_stig=Electromagnetic Octopol;
conl_spot=1.7µm / 0.5 µm;
conl_spot=1.7µm / 0.5 µm;
Line 314: Line 314:
objl_foc=2.7mm;
objl_foc=2.7mm;
objl_range=1.6mm (20KV) to 7mm;
objl_range=1.6mm (20KV) to 7mm;
objl_stab=< 2*10⁻⁶/min;
objl_stab=< 2·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ;
objl_res=3Å;
objl_res=3Å;
objl_type=Electromagnetic;
objl_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_no=3;
proj_no=3;
proj_stab=<5*10⁻⁶/min;
proj_stab=<5·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ;
proj_conf=Single Polpiece;
proj_conf=Single Polpiece;
holder=Cartridge, Top Entery;
holder=Cartridge, Top Entery;
chamber=5*10⁻⁶ Torr;
chamber=5·10⁻⁶ Torr;
objl_spher=2.9 mm;
objl_spher=2.9 mm;
objl_chrom=2.1 mm;
objl_chrom=2.1 mm;
Line 335: Line 335:
accel=Self Biased Triode;
accel=Self Biased Triode;
accel_volt=20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 125, 150 KV;
accel_volt=20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 125, 150 KV;
accel_current=100nA - 100µA;
accel_current=100nA → 100µA;
power=5.5kVA;
power=5.5kVA;
weight= 1800Kg;
weight= 1800Kg;
accel_stab=2*10⁻⁶/min;
accel_stab=2·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ;
cath_heat=DC;
cath_heat=DC;
cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin, Tungsten Lancet;
cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin, Tungsten Lancet;
conl_type=Electromagnetic;
conl_type=Electromagnetic;
conl_no=2;
conl_no=2;
conl_stab=<5*10⁻⁶/min;
conl_stab=<5·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ;
conl_stig=Electromagnetic Octopol;
conl_stig=Electromagnetic Octopol;
conl_spot=500 nm / 200 nm;
conl_spot=500 nm / 200 nm;
holder=Side Entry;
holder=Side Entry;
chamber=5*10⁻⁶ Torr;
chamber=5·10⁻⁶ Torr;
objl_spher=1.4 mm;
objl_spher=1.4 mm;
objl_chrom=1.3 mm;
objl_chrom=1.3 mm;
Line 353: Line 353:
objl_type=Electromagnetic;
objl_type=Electromagnetic;
objl_range=1.6mm (20KV) to 7mm;
objl_range=1.6mm (20KV) to 7mm;
objl_stab=< 2*10⁻⁷/min;
objl_stab=< 2·10⁻⁷⁄ₘᵢₙ;
objl_res=3Å;
objl_res=3Å;
proj_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_no=3;
proj_no=3;
proj_stab=<5*10⁻⁶/min;
proj_stab=<5·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ;
proj_conf=Single Polpiece;
proj_conf=Single Polpiece;
|
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Revision as of 10:59, 4 May 2022

The Siemens Logo as seen in 1971

The Siemens Corperation has, throughout the years produced many things, among them was the very First Electron Microsocpe. The history of the Electron Microscope started with Siemenes and Ernst Ruska, together with his research team, they created the very first Electron Microscopes.

Timeline

<itimeline>

1939-01-01/1949-01-01|Universal|Übermikroskop 1949-01-01/1955-01-01|Universal|ÜM100 1954-01-01/1961-01-01|Universal|Elmiskop I 1961-01-01/1971-01-01|Universal|Elmiskop IA 1968-01-01/1971-01-01|Universal|Elmiskop 101 1971-01-01/1978-01-01|Universal|Elmiskop 102 1977-01-01/1978-01-01|Universal|Elmiskop CT150

1961-01-01/1971-01-01|EPMA|Elmisonde

1977-01-01/1978-01-01|STEM|Elmiskop ST100F

1949-01-01/1955-01-01|Budget|ÜM60 1955-01-01/1956-01-01|Budget|Elmiskop II 1956-01-01/1971-01-01|Budget|Elmiskop 51

1938-01-01|Experimental|Prototyp 1 1938-05-01|Experimental|Prototyp 2 1954-01-01|Experimental|Elmiskop II Prototype 1956-01-01|Experimental|Elmiskop 51 Prototype </itimeline>


Models

Siemens, as the company responsible for the invention of the Electron Microscope has produced many models throughout the years, also selling a rebadged version of the Etec Autoscan which was sold under the Siemens name outside the United States. Most of their models however where of the Transmission kind, mostly due to Ernst Ruskas Prescience.

Transmission Electron Microscops new

test {{#DeviceInfoBox2:tem|Prototyp 1|File:Siemens - Prototyp.png| OEM=File:Siemens & Halske - Logo - 1971.png; year=1938; successor=Prototyp 2; accel=Kanalstrahlrohr; accel_volt=75 KV; cath_type=Gas Discharge; conl_type=Electromagnetic; objl_type=Electromagnetic; proj_type=Electromagnetic; proj_no=1; holder=Cartridge, Top Entery; |}}

{{#DeviceInfoBox2:tem|Prototyp 2|File:Ruska Prototype 3 - meek.jpg| OEM=File:Siemens & Halske - Logo - 1971.png; year=1938; successor=Übermikroskop; accel=Kanalstrahlrohr; accel_volt=75 KV; cath_type=Gas Discharge; conl_type=Electromagnetic; objl_type=Electromagnetic; proj_type=Electromagnetic; proj_no=1; holder=Cartridge, Top Entery; objl_res=100a; |}}

{{#DeviceInfoBox2:tem|Übermikroskop|File:Siemens - Übermikroskop - Meek.jpg| OEM=File:Siemens & Halske - Logo - 1971.png; year=1939; successor=ÜM100; accel=Kanalstrahlrohr; accel_volt=75 KV; cath_type=Gas Discharge; conl_type=Electromagnetic; objl_type=Electromagnetic; proj_type=Electromagnetic; proj_no=1; holder=Cartridge, Top Entery; objl_res=100a; |}}

{{#DeviceInfoBox2:tem|ÜM100|Siemens - ÜM100 - Ruska 1953.png| OEM=File:Siemens & Halske - Logo - 1971.png; year=1949; successor=Elmiskop I; accel=Self Biased Triode; accel_volt=40 KV, 60 KV, 80 KV, 100 KV; cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin; conl_type=Electromagnetic; objl_type=Electromagnetic; proj_type=Electromagnetic; proj_no=1; holder=Cartridge, Top Entery; chamber=1·10⁻⁴ Torr; |}}

{{#DeviceInfoBox2:tem|ÜM60|| OEM=File:Siemens & Halske - Logo - 1971.png; year=1950; successor=Elmiskop II; accel=Self Biased Triode; accel_volt=40, 50, 60 KV; cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin; conl_type=Electromagnetic; objl_type=Electromagnetic; proj_type=Electromagnetic; proj_no=1; holder=Cartridge, Top Entery;

|}}

{{#DeviceInfoBox2:tem|Elmiskop I|File:Elmiskop1-Front-Brochure.jpg| OEM=File:Siemens & Halske - Logo - 1971.png; year=1954; mag_range=200x - 200Kx; mag_gauge=Galvanometer; power=3.3 KVA; weight=1200 Kg; accel_stab=2·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ; cath_heat=AC; successor=Elmiskop IA; accel=Self Biased Triode; accel_volt=40, 60, 80, 100 KV; cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin; conl_type=Electromagnetic; conl_no=2; conl_stab=1·10⁻³⁄ₘᵢₙ; conl_stig=Moveing Iron; conl_spot=2µm; xy=± 0.8 mm; objl_foc=2.8mm; objl_range=2.8mm to 7.4mm; objl_stab=1·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ; objl_res=5Å; objl_type=Electromagnetic; proj_type=Electromagnetic; proj_no=2; proj_stab=1·10⁻⁴⁄ₘᵢₙ; proj_conf=4 Polpiece Revolver; proj_mag=12.5:1, 31.2:1, 62.5:1, 125:1, 250:1; holder=Cartridge, Top Entery; chamber=1·10⁻⁴ Torr; objl_spher=3.3 mm; | {{#tree:

}} }}

{{#DeviceInfoBox2:tem|Elmiskop II Protoype|File:Siemens - Elmiskop II Prototype.png| OEM=File:Siemens & Halske - Logo - 1971.png; year=1954; successor=Elmiskop II; accel=Self Biased Steigerwald Triode; accel_volt=40, 50, 60 KV; cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin; objl_type=Electromagnetic; proj_type=Electromagnetic; proj_no=1; holder=Cartridge, Top Entery; objl_stab=3·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ; objl_res=25Å; proj_conf=4 Polpiece Revolver; |}}




{{#DeviceInfoBox2:tem|Elmiskop II|File:Siemens - Elmiskop II - Column 2.png| OEM=File:Siemens & Halske - Logo - 1971.png; year=1955; successor=Elmiskop 51; accel=Self Biased Steigerwald Triode; accel_volt=50 KV; accel_stab=5·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ; cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin; objl_type=Electromagnetic; proj_type=Electromagnetic; proj_no=1; holder=Cartridge, Top Entery; power=2 KVA; weight=700 Kg; objl_foc=1.8mm; objl_range=2.8mm to 7.4mm; objl_stab=3·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ; objl_res=15Å; proj_conf=4 Polpiece Revolver; proj_mag=16.9:1, 69.9:1, 146:1, 300:1; conl_stig=Moveing Iron; mag_range=295x, 1925x, 8Kx, 17Kx, 35Kx; chamber=1·10⁻⁴Torr; |}}

{{#DeviceInfoBox2:tem|Elmiskop 51|File:Elmiskop51-overview-meek.jpg| OEM=File:Siemens & Halske - Logo - 1971.png; year=1956; accel=Self Biased Steigerwald Triode; accel_volt=50 KV; accel_stab=5·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ; cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin; objl_type=Permanent Magnet; proj_type=Permanent Magnet; proj_no=1; objl_res=25-50Å; proj_conf=4 Polpiece Revolver; conl_stig=Moveing Iron; |}}

{{#DeviceInfoBox2:tem|Elmiskop IA|File:Siemens-Elmiskop-IA.jpg| OEM=File:Siemens & Halske - Logo - 1971.png; year=1961; mag_range=200x - 200Kx; mag_gauge=Galvanometer; power=3.3 KVA; weight=1200 Kg; accel_stab=2·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ; cath_heat=AC; successor=Elmiskop 101; accel=Self Biased Triode; accel_volt=40, 60, 80, 100 KV; cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin; conl_type=Electromagnetic; conl_no=2; conl_stab=1·10⁻³⁄ₘᵢₙ; conl_stig=Moveing Iron; conl_spot=2µm; xy=± 0.8 mm; objl_foc=2.8mm; objl_range=2.8mm to 7.4mm; objl_stab=1·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ; objl_res=5Å; objl_type=Electromagnetic; proj_type=Electromagnetic; proj_no=2; proj_stab=1·10⁻⁴⁄ₘᵢₙ; proj_conf=4 Polpiece Revolver; proj_mag=12.5:1, 31.2:1, 62.5:1, 125:1, 250:1; holder=Cartridge, Top Entery; chamber=1·10⁻⁴Torr; objl_spher=3.3 mm; | }}

{{#DeviceInfoBox2:tem|Elmiskop 101|File:Siemens Elmiskop-101-PLI.jpg| OEM=File:Siemens & Halske - Logo - 1971.png; year=1968; mag_range=285x - 260Kx; mag_gauge=Galvanometer; successor=Elmiskop 102; accel=Self Biased Triode; accel_volt=40, 60, 80, 100, 125 KV; cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin; conl_type=Electromagnetic; conl_no=2; conl_stig=Electromagnetic Octopol; xy=± 0.8 mm; objl_type=Electromagnetic; proj_type=Electromagnetic; proj_no=2; proj_conf=2 Polpiece Revolver; holder=Cartridge, Top Entery; |}}

{{#DeviceInfoBox2:tem|Elmiskop 102|Siemens-elmiskop102 from-brochure.png| OEM=File:Siemens & Halske - Logo - 1971.png; year=1972; mag_range=200x - 500Kx; mag_gauge=Digital; power=4 KVA; weight= Kg; accel_stab=2·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ; cath_heat=DC; successor=Elmiskop 103; accel=Self Biased Triode; accel_volt=20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 125 KV; cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin, Tungsten Lancet; conl_type=Electromagnetic; conl_no=2; conl_stab=5·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ; conl_stig=Electromagnetic Octopol; conl_spot=1.7µm / 0.5 µm; xy=± 1 mm; objl_foc=2.7mm; objl_range=1.6mm (20KV) to 7mm; objl_stab=< 2·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ; objl_res=3Å; objl_type=Electromagnetic; proj_type=Electromagnetic; proj_no=3; proj_stab=<5·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ; proj_conf=Single Polpiece; holder=Cartridge, Top Entery; chamber=5·10⁻⁶ Torr; objl_spher=2.9 mm; objl_chrom=2.1 mm; successor=Elmiskop CT150; | }} {{#DeviceInfoBox2:tem|Elmiskop CT150|| OEM=File:Siemens & Halske - Logo - 1971.png; year=1977; mag_gauge=Digital; mag_range=500x - 1200Kx; accel=Self Biased Triode; accel_volt=20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 125, 150 KV; accel_current=100nA → 100µA; power=5.5kVA; weight= 1800Kg; accel_stab=2·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ; cath_heat=DC; cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin, Tungsten Lancet; conl_type=Electromagnetic; conl_no=2; conl_stab=<5·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ; conl_stig=Electromagnetic Octopol; conl_spot=500 nm / 200 nm; holder=Side Entry; chamber=5·10⁻⁶ Torr; objl_spher=1.4 mm; objl_chrom=1.3 mm; objl_foc=1.7mm; objl_type=Electromagnetic; objl_range=1.6mm (20KV) to 7mm; objl_stab=< 2·10⁻⁷⁄ₘᵢₙ; objl_res=3Å; proj_type=Electromagnetic; proj_no=3; proj_stab=<5·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ; proj_conf=Single Polpiece; | }}

Transmission Electron Microscops

High Speed Oscillograph Electron Source
General
Year 1933
Successor Prototype 1
Magnification Range N/A
Magnification Gauge Type N/A
Specemin Chamber Pressure 10⁻3 Torr
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Kanalstrahlrohr
Cathode Type Gas Discharge
Accelerating Voltage 75 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode N/A
Alignment Methode
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 2
Current Stability
Stigmator N/A
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range N/A
Objective Lens
Focal Length N/A
Adjustment Range N/A
Spherical Error N/A
Current Stability N/A
Stigmator N/A
Alignment Aids N/A
Point Resolution N/A
Lens Type N/A
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens N/A
Current Stability N/A
Polpeace Configuration N/A
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications N/A
Alignment N/A
Lens Type N/A
Prototyp 1
General
Year 1933
Successor Prototype 2
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure 10⁻3 Torr
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Kanalstrahlrohr
Cathode Type Gas Discharge
Accelerating Voltage 75 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode N/A
Alignment Methode
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 1
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range N/A
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution 500 Å [1]
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens 1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration Single Polpiece
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Prototyp 2
General
Year 1938
Successor Prototype 3
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure 10⁻3 Torr?
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Kanalstrahlrohr
Cathode Type Gas Discharge
Accelerating Voltage 75 KV?
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode N/A
Alignment Methode
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 1
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range N/A
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens 1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration Single Polpiece
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Prototyp 3
General
Year 1938
Successor Übermikroskop
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure 10⁻3 Torr?
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Kanalstrahlrohr
Cathode Type Gas Discharge
Accelerating Voltage 75 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode N/A
Alignment Methode
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 1
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range N/A
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution 100 Å [2]
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens 1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration Single Polpiece
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Übermikroskop
General
Year 1939
Successor ÜM100
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure 10⁻4 Torr?
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Kanalstrahlrohr
Cathode Type Gas Discharge
Accelerating Voltage 75 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode N/A
Alignment Methode
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 1
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution 100 Å [3]
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens 1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration Single Polpiece
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
Lens Type Electromagnetic
ÜM100 Gen1
General
Year 1939
Successor ÜM100
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure 10⁻4 Torr?
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Electron Gun
Cathode Type Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage 55, 70, 85, 100 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
Alignment Methode
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 1
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens 1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration Single Polpiece
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
Lens Type Electromagnetic
ÜM100
General
Year 1949
Successor Elmiskop I
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure 10⁻4 Torr?
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Electron Gun
Cathode Type Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage 40, 60, 80, 100 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
Alignment Methode
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 1
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens 1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration Single Polpiece
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
Lens Type Electromagnetic
ÜM60
General
Year 1950
Successor Elmiskop II
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure 10⁻4 Torr?
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Electron Gun
Cathode Type Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage 40, 50, 60 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode N/A
Alignment Methode
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 1
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens 1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration Single Polpiece
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Elmiskop I
General
Year 1954
Successor Elmiskop IA
Magnification Range 200x to 200,000x
Magnification Gauge Type Galvanometer
Specemin Chamber Pressure 10⁻⁴ Torr
Power Consumption 3.3 KVA
System Weight 1200 Kg
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Single Stage Electron Gun
Cathode Type Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage 40, 60, 80, 100 KV
Stability 2*10⁻⁵/min
Cathode Heating Methode AC
Alignment Methode X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 2
Current Stability 10⁻³/min
Stigmator Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Minimum Spot Size Diameter 2000 nm
Condensor Alignment X, Y, and Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range ± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length 2.8mm
Adjustment Range 2.8mm to 7.4mm
Spherical Error 3.3mm
Current Stability 10⁻⁵/min
Stigmator Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution 5 Å
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens 1
Current Stability 10⁻⁴/min
Polpeace Configuration 4 Position Revolver
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications 12.5:1, 31.2:1, 62.5:1, 125:1, 250:1
Alignment X, Y (via Rovolver Rotation) & Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Elmiskop II Prototype
General
Year 1954
Successor Elmiskop II
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type Galvanometer
Specemin Chamber Pressure 10⁻⁴ Torr
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Single Stage Electron Gun
Cathode Type Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage 40, 50, 60 KV
Stability style="text-align:center;"
Cathode Heating Methode AC
Alignment Methode X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 0
Current Stability N/A
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment X, Y, and Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type
Stage
Holder Type Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range ± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability 3 * 10⁻⁵/min
Stigmator Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution 25 Å [4]
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens 1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration 4 Position Revolver
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment X, Y (via Rovolver Rotation) & Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type Electromagnetic


Elmiskop II
General
Year 1955
Successor Elmiskop 51
Magnification Range 200x to 200,000x
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure 10⁻⁴ Torr
Power Consumption 2 KVA
System Weight 700 Kg
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Single Stage Electron Gun
Cathode Type Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage 50 KV
Stability 5.35*10⁻9/min
Cathode Heating Methode AC
Alignment Methode X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 0
Current Stability N/A
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment X, Y, and Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type
Stage
Holder Type Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range ± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length 1.8mm
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability 3 * 10⁻⁵/min
Stigmator Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution 20 Å
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens 1
Current Stability 10⁻⁴/min
Polpeace Configuration 4 Position Revolver
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications 16.9:1, 69.9:1, 146:1, 300:1
Alignment X, Y (via Rovolver Rotation) & Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Elmiskop 51 Prototyp
General
Year 1956
Successor Elmiskop 51
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Single Stage Electron Gun
Cathode Type Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage 50 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode AC
Alignment Methode X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 0
Current Stability N/A
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Stage
Holder Type Cartridge, Top Entry 9 position
X, Y Travel Range ± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability N/A
Stigmator Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution 50 Å [5]
Lens Type Permanent Magnet
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens 1
Current Stability N/A
Polpeace Configuration 4 Position Revolver
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment X, Y (via Rovolver Rotation) & Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type Permanent Magnet


Elmiskop IA
General
Year 1961
Successor Elmiskop 101
Magnification Range 200x to 200,000x
Magnification Gauge Type Galvanometer
Specemin Chamber Pressure 10⁻5Torr
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Single Stage Electron Gun
Cathode Type Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage 40, 60, 80, 100 KV
Stability 2*10⁻⁵/min
Cathode Heating Methode AC
Alignment Methode X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 2
Current Stability
Stigmator Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment X, Y, and Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range ± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution 4 Å
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens 1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration 4 Position Revolver
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications 12.5:1, 31.2:1, 62.5:1, 125:1, 250:1?
Alignment X, Y (via Rovolver Rotation) & Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Elmiskop 51
General
Year 1956
Successor Elmiskop 51
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Single Stage Electron Gun
Cathode Type Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage 50 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode AC
Alignment Methode X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 0
Current Stability N/A
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Stage
Holder Type Cartridge, Top Entry 9 position
X, Y Travel Range ± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability N/A
Stigmator Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution 25-50 Å Film Grain Dependent[6]
Lens Type Permanent Magnet
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens 1
Current Stability N/A
Polpeace Configuration 4 Position Revolver
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment X, Y (via Rovolver Rotation) & Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type Permanent Magnet
Elmiskop 101
General
Year 1968
Successor Elmiskop 102
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Single Stage Electron Gun
Cathode Type Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage 40, 60, 80, 100, 125 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
Alignment Methode X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 2
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Stage
Holder Type Cartridge
X, Y Travel Range ± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution 3-5 Å [7]
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens 1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration 2 Position Revolver
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment X, Y (via Rovolver Rotation) & Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Elmiskop 102
General
Year 1972
Successor Elmiskop 103
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Single Stage Electron Gun
Cathode Type Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage 40, 60, 80, 100, 125 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
Alignment Methode X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 2
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Stage
Holder Type Cartridge
X, Y Travel Range ± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution 2 Å (Line) 3 Å (Point) [8]
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens 1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration 1
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment X, Y (via Rovolver Rotation) & Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Elmiskop 103
General
Year
Successor Elmiskop 104
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Single Stage Electron Gun?
Cathode Type Tungsten Hairpinß
Accelerating Voltage 40, 60, 80, 100, 125 KV ?
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
Alignment Methode X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 2
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Stage
Holder Type Cartridge
X, Y Travel Range ± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens 1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration 1
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment X, Y (via Rovolver Rotation) & Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Elmiskop 104
General
Year
Successor none
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Single Stage Electron Gun?
Cathode Type Tungsten Hairpinß
Accelerating Voltage 40, 60, 80, 100, 125 KV ?
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
Alignment Methode X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 2
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Stage
Holder Type Cartridge
X, Y Travel Range ± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens 1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration 1
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment X, Y (via Rovolver Rotation) & Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Elmiskop CT150
General
Year 1977
Successor none
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Self Biased Triode (presumably)
Cathode Type
Accelerating Voltage
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
Alignment Methode
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 2
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Stage
Holder Type
X, Y Travel Range
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens 3
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration Single Polpiece
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
Lens Type Electromagnetic


Scanning Transmission Electron Microscops

Elmiskop ST100F
General
Year 1977
Successor none
Magnification Range 50x - 10e7X
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure 10e-7 mBar
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Crewe FE Electron Gun
Cathode Type Cold Field Emmision
Accelerating Voltage 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 KV, (10 - 30 KV)
Stability 2*10e-6
Cathode Heating Methode N/A
Alignment Methode
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 1
Current Stability 2*10e-6
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type Crewe Electrostatic
Stage
Holder Type
X, Y Travel Range +- 1 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length 1.8 mm
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error 1.3 mm
Chromatic Error 1.3 mm
Current Stability 1 * 10e-6
Stigmator Electromagnetic
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution 2 Å
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
Lens Type


X-Ray Micro Analyzers

Elmisonde
General
Year 1961
Successor none
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Single Stage Electron Gun
Cathode Type Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage 40, 60, 80, 100 KV
Stability 2*10⁻⁵/min
Cathode Heating Methode AC
Alignment Methode X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 2
Current Stability
Stigmator Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment X, Y, and Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range ± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
Lens Type Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens 1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration 4 Position Revolver
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
Lens Type Electromagnetic

Scanning Electron Microscops

Autoscan
General
Year 1972
Successor none
Magnification Range 20 - 550Kx
Magnification Gauge Type Analog, (Digital)
Specemin Chamber Pressure 2 * 10-4 Torr
Power Consumption 3 KVA
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type Single Stage Electron Gun
Cathode Type Tungsten Hairpin / LaB6 / Field Emission?
Accelerating Voltage 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 30, (50) KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode HF
Alignment Methode X, Y Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses 3
Current Stability
Stigmator none
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment none, prealigned
Lens Type 3 gap Common Coil Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type
X, Y Travel Range +- 12.5 mm
Z Travel Range 25 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator Dual Quadropol Electromagnetic
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution 7 nm
Lens Type Electromagnetic


References

  1. ↑ Geoffrey A. Meek, Practical Electron Microscopy for the Biologist, 2nd Edition (1976), Page 57
  2. ↑ Geoffrey A. Meek, Practical Electron Microscopy for the Biologist, 2nd Edition (1976), Page 58
  3. ↑ Geoffrey A. Meek, Practical Electron Microscopy for the Biologist, 2nd Edition (1976), Page 58
  4. ↑ K. Müller & E. Ruska, Ein vereinfachtest Elektromagnetisches Durschstahlungsmikroskop für Elektronen von 40 bis 60KV*), 1954
  5. ↑ K. Müller & E. Ruska, Ein Hilfselektronenmikroskop für Kurs- und Routinebetrieb, (1956), Vierter Internationaler Kongress für Elektronenmikroskopie, Physikalisch Technischer teil, Page 184-187
  6. ↑ Geoffrey A. Meek, Practical Electron Microscopy for the Biologist, 2nd Edition (1976), Page 489
  7. ↑ Geoffrey A. Meek, Practical Electron Microscopy for the Biologist, 1st Edition (1970), Page 235
  8. ↑ Geoffrey A. Meek, Practical Electron Microscopy for the Biologist, 2nd Edition (1976), Page 502

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