Line 88:
Line 88: proj_no=1;
proj_no=1;
holder=Cartridge, Top Entery;
holder=Cartridge, Top Entery;
− chamber=10⁻⁴ Torr;
+ chamber=1·10⁻⁴ Torr;
|}}
|}}
Line 113:
Line 113: power=3.3 KVA;
power=3.3 KVA;
weight=1200 Kg;
weight=1200 Kg;
− accel_stab=2*10⁻⁵/min;
+ accel_stab=2·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ ;
cath_heat=AC;
cath_heat=AC;
successor=Elmiskop IA;
successor=Elmiskop IA;
Line 121:
Line 121: conl_type=Electromagnetic;
conl_type=Electromagnetic;
conl_no=2;
conl_no=2;
− conl_stab=10⁻³/min;
+ conl_stab=1·10⁻³⁄ₘᵢₙ ;
conl_stig=Moveing Iron;
conl_stig=Moveing Iron;
conl_spot=2µm;
conl_spot=2µm;
Line 127:
Line 127: objl_foc=2.8mm;
objl_foc=2.8mm;
objl_range=2.8mm to 7.4mm;
objl_range=2.8mm to 7.4mm;
− objl_stab=10⁻⁵/min;
+ objl_stab=1·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ ;
objl_res=5Å;
objl_res=5Å;
objl_type=Electromagnetic;
objl_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_no=2;
proj_no=2;
− proj_stab=10⁻⁴/min;
+ proj_stab=1·10⁻⁴⁄ₘᵢₙ ;
proj_conf=4 Polpiece Revolver;
proj_conf=4 Polpiece Revolver;
proj_mag=12.5:1, 31.2:1, 62.5:1, 125:1, 250:1;
proj_mag=12.5:1, 31.2:1, 62.5:1, 125:1, 250:1;
holder=Cartridge, Top Entery;
holder=Cartridge, Top Entery;
− chamber=10⁻⁴ Torr;
+ chamber=1·10⁻⁴ Torr;
objl_spher=3.3 mm;
objl_spher=3.3 mm;
|
|
Line 188:
Line 188: proj_no=1;
proj_no=1;
holder=Cartridge, Top Entery;
holder=Cartridge, Top Entery;
− objl_stab=3*10⁻⁵/min;
+ objl_stab=3·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ ;
objl_res=25Å;
objl_res=25Å;
proj_conf=4 Polpiece Revolver;
proj_conf=4 Polpiece Revolver;
Line 204:
Line 204: accel=Self Biased Steigerwald Triode;
accel=Self Biased Steigerwald Triode;
accel_volt=50 KV;
accel_volt=50 KV;
− accel_stab=5*10⁻⁵/min;
+ accel_stab=5·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ ;
cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin;
cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin;
objl_type=Electromagnetic;
objl_type=Electromagnetic;
Line 214:
Line 214: objl_foc=1.8mm;
objl_foc=1.8mm;
objl_range=2.8mm to 7.4mm;
objl_range=2.8mm to 7.4mm;
− objl_stab=3*10⁻⁵/min;
+ objl_stab=3·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ ;
objl_res=15Å;
objl_res=15Å;
proj_conf=4 Polpiece Revolver;
proj_conf=4 Polpiece Revolver;
Line 220:
Line 220: conl_stig=Moveing Iron;
conl_stig=Moveing Iron;
mag_range=295x, 1925x, 8Kx, 17Kx, 35Kx;
mag_range=295x, 1925x, 8Kx, 17Kx, 35Kx;
− chamber=10⁻⁴Torr;
+ chamber=1·10⁻⁴Torr ;
|}}
|}}
Line 228:
Line 228: accel=Self Biased Steigerwald Triode;
accel=Self Biased Steigerwald Triode;
accel_volt=50 KV;
accel_volt=50 KV;
− accel_stab=5*10⁻⁵/min;
+ accel_stab=5·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ ;
cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin;
cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin;
objl_type=Permanent Magnet;
objl_type=Permanent Magnet;
Line 245:
Line 245: power=3.3 KVA;
power=3.3 KVA;
weight=1200 Kg;
weight=1200 Kg;
− accel_stab=2*10⁻⁵/min;
+ accel_stab=2·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ ;
cath_heat=AC;
cath_heat=AC;
successor=Elmiskop 101;
successor=Elmiskop 101;
Line 253:
Line 253: conl_type=Electromagnetic;
conl_type=Electromagnetic;
conl_no=2;
conl_no=2;
− conl_stab=10⁻³/min;
+ conl_stab=1·10⁻³⁄ₘᵢₙ ;
conl_stig=Moveing Iron;
conl_stig=Moveing Iron;
conl_spot=2µm;
conl_spot=2µm;
Line 259:
Line 259: objl_foc=2.8mm;
objl_foc=2.8mm;
objl_range=2.8mm to 7.4mm;
objl_range=2.8mm to 7.4mm;
− objl_stab=10⁻⁵/min;
+ objl_stab=1·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ ;
objl_res=5Å;
objl_res=5Å;
objl_type=Electromagnetic;
objl_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_no=2;
proj_no=2;
− proj_stab=10⁻⁴/min;
+ proj_stab=1·10⁻⁴⁄ₘᵢₙ ;
proj_conf=4 Polpiece Revolver;
proj_conf=4 Polpiece Revolver;
proj_mag=12.5:1, 31.2:1, 62.5:1, 125:1, 250:1;
proj_mag=12.5:1, 31.2:1, 62.5:1, 125:1, 250:1;
holder=Cartridge, Top Entery;
holder=Cartridge, Top Entery;
− chamber=10⁻⁴Torr;
+ chamber=1·10⁻⁴Torr ;
objl_spher=3.3 mm;
objl_spher=3.3 mm;
|
|
Line 300:
Line 300: power=4 KVA;
power=4 KVA;
weight= Kg;
weight= Kg;
− accel_stab=2*10⁻⁶/min;
+ accel_stab=2·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ ;
cath_heat=DC;
cath_heat=DC;
successor=Elmiskop 103;
successor=Elmiskop 103;
Line 308:
Line 308: conl_type=Electromagnetic;
conl_type=Electromagnetic;
conl_no=2;
conl_no=2;
− conl_stab=5*10⁻⁶/min;
+ conl_stab=5·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ ;
conl_stig=Electromagnetic Octopol;
conl_stig=Electromagnetic Octopol;
conl_spot=1.7µm / 0.5 µm;
conl_spot=1.7µm / 0.5 µm;
Line 314:
Line 314: objl_foc=2.7mm;
objl_foc=2.7mm;
objl_range=1.6mm (20KV) to 7mm;
objl_range=1.6mm (20KV) to 7mm;
− objl_stab=< 2*10⁻⁶/min;
+ objl_stab=< 2·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ ;
objl_res=3Å;
objl_res=3Å;
objl_type=Electromagnetic;
objl_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_no=3;
proj_no=3;
− proj_stab=<5*10⁻⁶/min;
+ proj_stab=<5·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ ;
proj_conf=Single Polpiece;
proj_conf=Single Polpiece;
holder=Cartridge, Top Entery;
holder=Cartridge, Top Entery;
− chamber=5*10⁻⁶ Torr;
+ chamber=5·10⁻⁶ Torr;
objl_spher=2.9 mm;
objl_spher=2.9 mm;
objl_chrom=2.1 mm;
objl_chrom=2.1 mm;
Line 335:
Line 335: accel=Self Biased Triode;
accel=Self Biased Triode;
accel_volt=20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 125, 150 KV;
accel_volt=20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 125, 150 KV;
− accel_current=100nA - 100µA;
+ accel_current=100nA → 100µA;
power=5.5kVA;
power=5.5kVA;
weight= 1800Kg;
weight= 1800Kg;
− accel_stab=2*10⁻⁶/min;
+ accel_stab=2·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ ;
cath_heat=DC;
cath_heat=DC;
cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin, Tungsten Lancet;
cath_type=Tungsten Hairpin, Tungsten Lancet;
conl_type=Electromagnetic;
conl_type=Electromagnetic;
conl_no=2;
conl_no=2;
− conl_stab=<5*10⁻⁶/min;
+ conl_stab=<5·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ ;
conl_stig=Electromagnetic Octopol;
conl_stig=Electromagnetic Octopol;
conl_spot=500 nm / 200 nm;
conl_spot=500 nm / 200 nm;
holder=Side Entry;
holder=Side Entry;
− chamber=5*10⁻⁶ Torr;
+ chamber=5·10⁻⁶ Torr;
objl_spher=1.4 mm;
objl_spher=1.4 mm;
objl_chrom=1.3 mm;
objl_chrom=1.3 mm;
Line 353:
Line 353: objl_type=Electromagnetic;
objl_type=Electromagnetic;
objl_range=1.6mm (20KV) to 7mm;
objl_range=1.6mm (20KV) to 7mm;
− objl_stab=< 2*10⁻⁷/min;
+ objl_stab=< 2·10⁻⁷⁄ₘᵢₙ ;
objl_res=3Å;
objl_res=3Å;
proj_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_type=Electromagnetic;
proj_no=3;
proj_no=3;
− proj_stab=<5*10⁻⁶/min;
+ proj_stab=<5·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ ;
proj_conf=Single Polpiece;
proj_conf=Single Polpiece;
|
|
The Siemens Logo as seen in 1971
The Siemens Corperation has, throughout the years produced many things, among them was the very First Electron Microsocpe . The history of the Electron Microscope started with Siemenes and Ernst Ruska, together with his research team, they created the very first Electron Microscopes.
Timeline <itimeline>
1939-01-01/1949-01-01|Universal|Übermikroskop
1949-01-01/1955-01-01|Universal|ÜM100
1954-01-01/1961-01-01|Universal|Elmiskop I
1961-01-01/1971-01-01|Universal|Elmiskop IA
1968-01-01/1971-01-01|Universal|Elmiskop 101
1971-01-01/1978-01-01|Universal|Elmiskop 102
1977-01-01/1978-01-01|Universal|Elmiskop CT150
1961-01-01/1971-01-01|EPMA|Elmisonde
1977-01-01/1978-01-01|STEM|Elmiskop ST100F
1949-01-01/1955-01-01|Budget|ÜM60
1955-01-01/1956-01-01|Budget|Elmiskop II
1956-01-01/1971-01-01|Budget|Elmiskop 51
1938-01-01|Experimental|Prototyp 1
1938-05-01|Experimental|Prototyp 2
1954-01-01|Experimental|Elmiskop II Prototype
1956-01-01|Experimental|Elmiskop 51 Prototype
</itimeline>
Models Siemens, as the company responsible for the invention of the Electron Microscope has produced many models throughout the years, also selling a rebadged version of the Etec Autoscan which was sold under the Siemens name outside the United States. Most of their models however where of the Transmission kind, mostly due to Ernst Ruskas Prescience.
Transmission Electron Microscops new test
General
Year
1938
Successor
Prototyp 2
Electron Source
Accelerator Type
Kanalstrahlrohr
Acellerating Voltage
75 KV
Cathode
Gas Discharge
Condenser
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entery
Objective
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
No. of Lenses
1
General
Year
1938
Successor
Übermikroskop
Electron Source
Accelerator Type
Kanalstrahlrohr
Acellerating Voltage
75 KV
Cathode
Gas Discharge
Condenser
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entery
Objective
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Resolution
100a
Projective Lens
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
No. of Lenses
1
General
Year
1939
Successor
ÜM100
Electron Source
Accelerator Type
Kanalstrahlrohr
Acellerating Voltage
75 KV
Cathode
Gas Discharge
Condenser
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entery
Objective
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Resolution
100a
Projective Lens
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
No. of Lenses
1
General
Year
1949
Successor
Elmiskop I
Chamber Pressure
1·10⁻⁴ Torr
Electron Source
Accelerator Type
Self Biased Triode
Acellerating Voltage
40 KV, 60 KV, 80 KV, 100 KV
Cathode
Tungsten Hairpin
Condenser
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entery
Objective
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
No. of Lenses
1
General
Year
1950
Successor
Elmiskop II
Electron Source
Accelerator Type
Self Biased Triode
Acellerating Voltage
40, 50, 60 KV
Cathode
Tungsten Hairpin
Condenser
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entery
Objective
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
No. of Lenses
1
General
Year
1954
Successor
Elmiskop IA
Mag. Range
200x - 200Kx
Mag. Gauge
Galvanometer
Chamber Pressure
1·10⁻⁴ Torr
Power Requirment
3.3 KVA
System Weight
1200 Kg
Electron Source
Accelerator Type
Self Biased Triode
Acellerating Voltage
40, 60, 80, 100 KV
Stability
2·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ
Cathode
Tungsten Hairpin
Cathode Heating
AC
Condenser
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Nu. of Lenses
2
Stability
1·10⁻³⁄ₘᵢₙ
Stigmator
Moveing Iron
Spot Size
2µm
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entery
Objective
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Focal Length
2.8mm
Stability
1·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ
Range
2.8mm to 7.4mm
Spherical Error
3.3 mm
Resolution
5Å
Projective Lens
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
No. of Lenses
2
Stability
1·10⁻⁴⁄ₘᵢₙ
Configuration
4 Polpiece Revolver
Pol Piece Mag.
12.5:1, 31.2:1, 62.5:1, 125:1, 250:1
Manual
Service Documentation
Promotional
Research Papers
General
Year
1954
Successor
Elmiskop II
Electron Source
Accelerator Type
Self Biased Steigerwald Triode
Acellerating Voltage
40, 50, 60 KV
Cathode
Tungsten Hairpin
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entery
Objective
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Stability
3·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ
Resolution
25Å
Projective Lens
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
No. of Lenses
1
Configuration
4 Polpiece Revolver
General
Year
1955
Successor
Elmiskop 51
Mag. Range
295x, 1925x, 8Kx, 17Kx, 35Kx
Chamber Pressure
1·10⁻⁴Torr
Power Requirment
2 KVA
System Weight
700 Kg
Electron Source
Accelerator Type
Self Biased Steigerwald Triode
Acellerating Voltage
50 KV
Stability
5·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ
Cathode
Tungsten Hairpin
Condenser
Stigmator
Moveing Iron
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entery
Objective
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Focal Length
1.8mm
Stability
3·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ
Range
2.8mm to 7.4mm
Resolution
15Å
Projective Lens
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
No. of Lenses
1
Configuration
4 Polpiece Revolver
Pol Piece Mag.
16.9:1, 69.9:1, 146:1, 300:1
Electron Source
Accelerator Type
Self Biased Steigerwald Triode
Acellerating Voltage
50 KV
Stability
5·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ
Cathode
Tungsten Hairpin
Condenser
Stigmator
Moveing Iron
Objective
Lens Type
Permanent Magnet
Resolution
25-50Å
Projective Lens
Lens Type
Permanent Magnet
No. of Lenses
1
Configuration
4 Polpiece Revolver
General
Year
1961
Successor
Elmiskop 101
Mag. Range
200x - 200Kx
Mag. Gauge
Galvanometer
Chamber Pressure
1·10⁻⁴Torr
Power Requirment
3.3 KVA
System Weight
1200 Kg
Electron Source
Accelerator Type
Self Biased Triode
Acellerating Voltage
40, 60, 80, 100 KV
Stability
2·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ
Cathode
Tungsten Hairpin
Cathode Heating
AC
Condenser
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Nu. of Lenses
2
Stability
1·10⁻³⁄ₘᵢₙ
Stigmator
Moveing Iron
Spot Size
2µm
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entery
Objective
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Focal Length
2.8mm
Stability
1·10⁻⁵⁄ₘᵢₙ
Range
2.8mm to 7.4mm
Spherical Error
3.3 mm
Resolution
5Å
Projective Lens
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
No. of Lenses
2
Stability
1·10⁻⁴⁄ₘᵢₙ
Configuration
4 Polpiece Revolver
Pol Piece Mag.
12.5:1, 31.2:1, 62.5:1, 125:1, 250:1
General
Year
1968
Successor
Elmiskop 102
Mag. Range
285x - 260Kx
Mag. Gauge
Galvanometer
Electron Source
Accelerator Type
Self Biased Triode
Acellerating Voltage
40, 60, 80, 100, 125 KV
Cathode
Tungsten Hairpin
Condenser
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Nu. of Lenses
2
Stigmator
Electromagnetic Octopol
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entery
Objective
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
No. of Lenses
2
Configuration
2 Polpiece Revolver
General
Year
1972
Successor
Elmiskop 103
Mag. Range
200x - 500Kx
Mag. Gauge
Digital
Chamber Pressure
5·10⁻⁶ Torr
Power Requirment
4 KVA
System Weight
Kg
Electron Source
Accelerator Type
Self Biased Triode
Acellerating Voltage
20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 125 KV
Stability
2·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ
Cathode
Tungsten Hairpin, Tungsten Lancet
Cathode Heating
DC
Condenser
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Nu. of Lenses
2
Stability
5·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ
Stigmator
Electromagnetic Octopol
Spot Size
1.7µm / 0.5 µm
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entery
Objective
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Focal Length
2.7mm
Stability
< 2·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ
Range
1.6mm (20KV) to 7mm
Spherical Error
2.9 mm
Chromatic Error
2.1 mm
Resolution
3Å
Projective Lens
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
No. of Lenses
3
Stability
<5·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ
Configuration
Single Polpiece
General
Year
1977
Mag. Range
500x - 1200Kx
Mag. Gauge
Digital
Chamber Pressure
5·10⁻⁶ Torr
Power Requirment
5.5kVA
System Weight
1800Kg
Electron Source
Accelerator Type
Self Biased Triode
Acellerating Voltage
20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 125, 150 KV
Stability
2·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ
Emmision Current
100nA → 100µA
Cathode
Tungsten Hairpin, Tungsten Lancet
Cathode Heating
DC
Condenser
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Nu. of Lenses
2
Stability
<5·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ
Stigmator
Electromagnetic Octopol
Spot Size
500 nm / 200 nm
Stage
Holder Type
Side Entry
Objective
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Focal Length
1.7mm
Stability
< 2·10⁻⁷⁄ₘᵢₙ
Range
1.6mm (20KV) to 7mm
Spherical Error
1.4 mm
Chromatic Error
1.3 mm
Resolution
3Å
Projective Lens
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
No. of Lenses
3
Stability
<5·10⁻⁶⁄ₘᵢₙ
Configuration
Single Polpiece
Transmission Electron Microscops
High Speed Oscillograph Electron Source
General
Year
1933
Successor
Prototype 1
Magnification Range
N/A
Magnification Gauge Type
N/A
Specemin Chamber Pressure
10⁻3 Torr
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type
Kanalstrahlrohr
Cathode Type
Gas Discharge
Accelerating Voltage
75 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
N/A
Alignment Methode
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
2
Current Stability
Stigmator
N/A
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range
N/A
Objective Lens
Focal Length
N/A
Adjustment Range
N/A
Spherical Error
N/A
Current Stability
N/A
Stigmator
N/A
Alignment Aids
N/A
Point Resolution
N/A
Lens Type
N/A
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
N/A
Current Stability
N/A
Polpeace Configuration
N/A
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
N/A
Alignment
N/A
Lens Type
N/A
Prototyp 1
General
Year
1933
Successor
Prototype 2
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
10⁻3 Torr
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type
Kanalstrahlrohr
Cathode Type
Gas Discharge
Accelerating Voltage
75 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
N/A
Alignment Methode
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
1
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range
N/A
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
500 Å [1]
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration
Single Polpiece
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Prototyp 2
General
Year
1938
Successor
Prototype 3
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
10⁻3 Torr?
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type
Kanalstrahlrohr
Cathode Type
Gas Discharge
Accelerating Voltage
75 KV?
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
N/A
Alignment Methode
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
1
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range
N/A
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration
Single Polpiece
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Prototyp 3
General
Year
1938
Successor
Übermikroskop
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
10⁻3 Torr?
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type
Kanalstrahlrohr
Cathode Type
Gas Discharge
Accelerating Voltage
75 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
N/A
Alignment Methode
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
1
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range
N/A
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
100 Å [2]
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration
Single Polpiece
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Übermikroskop
General
Year
1939
Successor
ÜM100
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
10⁻4 Torr?
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type
Kanalstrahlrohr
Cathode Type
Gas Discharge
Accelerating Voltage
75 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
N/A
Alignment Methode
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
1
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
100 Å [3]
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration
Single Polpiece
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
ÜM100 Gen1
General
Year
1939
Successor
ÜM100
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
10⁻4 Torr?
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type
Electron Gun
Cathode Type
Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage
55, 70, 85, 100 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
Alignment Methode
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
1
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration
Single Polpiece
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
ÜM100
General
Year
1949
Successor
Elmiskop I
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
10⁻4 Torr?
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type
Electron Gun
Cathode Type
Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage
40, 60, 80, 100 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
Alignment Methode
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
1
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration
Single Polpiece
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
ÜM60
General
Year
1950
Successor
Elmiskop II
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
10⁻4 Torr?
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type
Electron Gun
Cathode Type
Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage
40, 50, 60 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
N/A
Alignment Methode
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
1
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration
Single Polpiece
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Elmiskop I
General
Year
1954
Successor
Elmiskop IA
Magnification Range
200x to 200,000x
Magnification Gauge Type
Galvanometer
Specemin Chamber Pressure
10⁻⁴ Torr
Power Consumption
3.3 KVA
System Weight
1200 Kg
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type
Single Stage Electron Gun
Cathode Type
Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage
40, 60, 80, 100 KV
Stability
2*10⁻⁵/min
Cathode Heating Methode
AC
Alignment Methode
X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
2
Current Stability
10⁻³/min
Stigmator
Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
2000 nm
Condensor Alignment
X, Y, and Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range
± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
2.8mm
Adjustment Range
2.8mm to 7.4mm
Spherical Error
3.3mm
Current Stability
10⁻⁵/min
Stigmator
Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
5 Å
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
1
Current Stability
10⁻⁴/min
Polpeace Configuration
4 Position Revolver
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
12.5:1, 31.2:1, 62.5:1, 125:1, 250:1
Alignment
X, Y (via Rovolver Rotation) & Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Elmiskop II Prototype
General
Year
1954
Successor
Elmiskop II
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Galvanometer
Specemin Chamber Pressure
10⁻⁴ Torr
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type
Single Stage Electron Gun
Cathode Type
Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage
40, 50, 60 KV
Stability
style="text-align:center;"
Cathode Heating Methode
AC
Alignment Methode
X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
0
Current Stability
N/A
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
X, Y, and Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range
± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
3 * 10⁻⁵/min
Stigmator
Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
25 Å [4]
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration
4 Position Revolver
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
X, Y (via Rovolver Rotation) & Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Elmiskop II
General
Year
1955
Successor
Elmiskop 51
Magnification Range
200x to 200,000x
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
10⁻⁴ Torr
Power Consumption
2 KVA
System Weight
700 Kg
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type
Single Stage Electron Gun
Cathode Type
Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage
50 KV
Stability
5.35*10⁻9/min
Cathode Heating Methode
AC
Alignment Methode
X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
0
Current Stability
N/A
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
X, Y, and Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range
± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
1.8mm
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
3 * 10⁻⁵/min
Stigmator
Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
20 Å
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
1
Current Stability
10⁻⁴/min
Polpeace Configuration
4 Position Revolver
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
16.9:1, 69.9:1, 146:1, 300:1
Alignment
X, Y (via Rovolver Rotation) & Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Elmiskop 51 Prototyp
General
Year
1956
Successor
Elmiskop 51
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type
Single Stage Electron Gun
Cathode Type
Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage
50 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
AC
Alignment Methode
X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
0
Current Stability
N/A
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entry 9 position
X, Y Travel Range
± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
N/A
Stigmator
Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
50 Å [5]
Lens Type
Permanent Magnet
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
1
Current Stability
N/A
Polpeace Configuration
4 Position Revolver
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
X, Y (via Rovolver Rotation) & Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type
Permanent Magnet
Elmiskop IA
General
Year
1961
Successor
Elmiskop 101
Magnification Range
200x to 200,000x
Magnification Gauge Type
Galvanometer
Specemin Chamber Pressure
10⁻5Torr
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type
Single Stage Electron Gun
Cathode Type
Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage
40, 60, 80, 100 KV
Stability
2*10⁻⁵/min
Cathode Heating Methode
AC
Alignment Methode
X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
2
Current Stability
Stigmator
Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
X, Y, and Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range
± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
4 Å
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration
4 Position Revolver
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
12.5:1, 31.2:1, 62.5:1, 125:1, 250:1?
Alignment
X, Y (via Rovolver Rotation) & Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Elmiskop 51
General
Year
1956
Successor
Elmiskop 51
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type
Single Stage Electron Gun
Cathode Type
Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage
50 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
AC
Alignment Methode
X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
0
Current Stability
N/A
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entry 9 position
X, Y Travel Range
± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
N/A
Stigmator
Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
25-50 Å Film Grain Dependent[6]
Lens Type
Permanent Magnet
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
1
Current Stability
N/A
Polpeace Configuration
4 Position Revolver
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
X, Y (via Rovolver Rotation) & Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type
Permanent Magnet
Elmiskop 101
General
Year
1968
Successor
Elmiskop 102
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type
Single Stage Electron Gun
Cathode Type
Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage
40, 60, 80, 100, 125 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
Alignment Methode
X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
2
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge
X, Y Travel Range
± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
3-5 Å [7]
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration
2 Position Revolver
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
X, Y (via Rovolver Rotation) & Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Elmiskop 102
General
Year
1972
Successor
Elmiskop 103
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type
Single Stage Electron Gun
Cathode Type
Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage
40, 60, 80, 100, 125 KV
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
Alignment Methode
X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
2
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge
X, Y Travel Range
± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
2 Å (Line) 3 Å (Point) [8]
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration
1
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
X, Y (via Rovolver Rotation) & Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Elmiskop 103
General
Year
Successor
Elmiskop 104
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type
Single Stage Electron Gun ?
Cathode Type
Tungsten Hairpin ß
Accelerating Voltage
40, 60, 80, 100, 125 KV ?
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
Alignment Methode
X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
2
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge
X, Y Travel Range
± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration
1
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
X, Y (via Rovolver Rotation) & Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Elmiskop 104
General
Year
Successor
none
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type
Single Stage Electron Gun ?
Cathode Type
Tungsten Hairpin ß
Accelerating Voltage
40, 60, 80, 100, 125 KV ?
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
Alignment Methode
X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
2
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge
X, Y Travel Range
± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration
1
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
X, Y (via Rovolver Rotation) & Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Elmiskop CT150
General
Year
1977
Successor
none
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type
Self Biased Triode (presumably)
Cathode Type
Accelerating Voltage
Stability
Cathode Heating Methode
Alignment Methode
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
2
Current Stability
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Stage
Holder Type
X, Y Travel Range
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
3
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration
Single Polpiece
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscops
Elmiskop ST100F
General
Year
1977
Successor
none
Magnification Range
50x - 10e7X
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
10e-7 mBar
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type
Crewe FE Electron Gun
Cathode Type
Cold Field Emmision
Accelerating Voltage
20, 40, 60, 80, 100 KV, (10 - 30 KV)
Stability
2*10e-6
Cathode Heating Methode
N/A
Alignment Methode
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
1
Current Stability
2*10e-6
Stigmator
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
Lens Type
Crewe Electrostatic
Stage
Holder Type
X, Y Travel Range
+- 1 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
1.8 mm
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
1.3 mm
Chromatic Error
1.3 mm
Current Stability
1 * 10e-6
Stigmator
Electromagnetic
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
2 Å
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
Lens Type
X-Ray Micro Analyzers
Elmisonde
General
Year
1961
Successor
none
Magnification Range
Magnification Gauge Type
Specemin Chamber Pressure
Power Consumption
System Weight
Electrion Source
Accelerator Type
Single Stage Electron Gun
Cathode Type
Tungsten Hairpin
Accelerating Voltage
40, 60, 80, 100 KV
Stability
2*10⁻⁵/min
Cathode Heating Methode
AC
Alignment Methode
X, Y, Mechanical
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
2
Current Stability
Stigmator
Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
X, Y, and Tilt, Mechanical
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type
Cartridge, Top Entry
X, Y Travel Range
± 0.8 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Moveing Iron, Mechanical
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Projective Lens
Number of Projective Lens
1
Current Stability
Polpeace Configuration
4 Position Revolver
Avalible Polpeace Magnifications
Alignment
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
Scanning Electron Microscops
Autoscan
General
Year
1972
Successor
none
Magnification Range
20 - 550Kx
Magnification Gauge Type
Analog, (Digital)
Specemin Chamber Pressure
2 * 10-4 Torr
Power Consumption
3 KVA
System Weight
Condensor
Number of Condensor Lenses
3
Current Stability
Stigmator
none
Minimum Spot Size Diameter
Condensor Alignment
none, prealigned
Lens Type
3 gap Common Coil Electromagnetic
Stage
Holder Type
X, Y Travel Range
+- 12.5 mm
Z Travel Range
25 mm
Objective Lens
Focal Length
Adjustment Range
Spherical Error
Current Stability
Stigmator
Dual Quadropol Electromagnetic
Alignment Aids
Point Resolution
7 nm
Lens Type
Electromagnetic
References
↑ Geoffrey A. Meek, Practical Electron Microscopy for the Biologist, 2nd Edition (1976), Page 57
↑ Geoffrey A. Meek, Practical Electron Microscopy for the Biologist, 2nd Edition (1976), Page 58
↑ Geoffrey A. Meek, Practical Electron Microscopy for the Biologist, 2nd Edition (1976), Page 58
↑ K. Müller & E. Ruska, Ein vereinfachtest Elektromagnetisches Durschstahlungsmikroskop für Elektronen von 40 bis 60KV*), 1954
↑ K. Müller & E. Ruska, Ein Hilfselektronenmikroskop für Kurs- und Routinebetrieb, (1956), Vierter Internationaler Kongress für Elektronenmikroskopie, Physikalisch Technischer teil, Page 184-187
↑ Geoffrey A. Meek, Practical Electron Microscopy for the Biologist, 2nd Edition (1976), Page 489
↑ Geoffrey A. Meek, Practical Electron Microscopy for the Biologist, 1st Edition (1970), Page 235
↑ Geoffrey A. Meek, Practical Electron Microscopy for the Biologist, 2nd Edition (1976), Page 502
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